| | Historical
Primary
Sources | Sources
By
School | Expert
Analysis | Other
Legal
Documents | Special
Collections |
|---|
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| Early Islamic Rule (Arabia, Iraq, Persia) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Prophet Muḥammad’s Time, d. 11 / 632 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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| The Sunnī Rightly Guided 4 Caliphs (al-Khulafāʾ al-Rāshidūn), 11-40 / 632-661 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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| The 12 Shīʿī Imāms, 35-mid 4th c. / 656-mid 10th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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| Umayyads | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
|---|
| Umayyad East (Iraq, Syria, Arabian Peninsula), 41-132 / 661-750 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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| Umayyad West (Iberian Peninsula, except the north), 138-422 / 756-1031 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
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| ʿAbbāsids | 87 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Caliphs in Iraq, 132-656 / 749-1258 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Caliphs in Cairo, 659-923 / 1261-1517 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans in Egypt & Syria, 254-692 / 868-1571 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṭūlūnids (Egypt, Syria), 254-292 / 868-905 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ikhshidids (Egypt, S Syria), 323-358 / 935-969 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Fāṭimids (N Africa, Egypt, S Syria), 297-567 / 909-1171 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mirdasids (N & Central Syria), 415-472 / 1024-1080 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs (W Syria), ca. 493-669 / ca. 1100-1271 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ayyūbids (Egypt, Syria, Diyār Bakr, W Jazīra, Yemen), 564-late 9th c. / 1169-late 15th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mamlūks (Egypt, Syria), 648-692 / 1250-1517 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Subsequent Empires & Eras by Region | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| North Africa & Iberian Peninsula, 161-1389 / 778-1969 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Idrīsids (Morocco), 172-375 / 789-985 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Rustamids (Algeria), 161-296 / 778-909 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Midrarids (Morocco), 208-366 / 823-977 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Aghlabids (Ifrīqiya, Algeria, Sicily), 184-296 / 800-900 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| The Kalbids (Sicily), 337-445 / 948-1053 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Zirids & Hammādids (Tunisia, E Algeria), 361-547 / 972-1152 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Almoravids or al-Murābiṭūn (NW Africa, Spain), 454-541 / 1062-1147 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Almohads or al-Muwaḥiddūn (N Africa, Spain), 524-668 / 1130-1269 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mulūk al-Ṭawāʾif/Reyes de Taifas (Central & Southern Spain), 5th c. / 11th c. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Banū Ghāniya (Balearic Islands), 520-599 / 1126-1203 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Naṣrids or Banū al-Aḥmar (Granada), 629-897 / 1232-1492 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Marīnids (N Africa), 614-869 / 1217-1465 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| ʿAbd al-Wādids or Zayyānids (Algeria), 633-962 / 1235-1554 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Hafsids (Tunisia, Algeria), 627-982 / 1229-1574 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Wattāsids (Morocco, Central Maghrib), 832-946 / 1428-1549 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Saʿdid Sharīfs (Morocco), 916-1069 / 1510-1659 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| ʿAlawid or Filalī Sharīfs (Morocco), 1041- / 1631- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Husaynid Beys (Tunisia), 1117-1376 / 1705-1957 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| The Qaramanlīs (Tripolitania), 1123-1251 / 1711-1835 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sanūsī Chiefs an Rulers (Sudan, Libya), 1253-1389 / 1837-1969 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Iraq, Jazīra, Lebanon, 293-1257 / 906-1842 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Hamdānids (Jazīra, N. Syria), 293-394 / 906-1004 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mazyadids (Ḥilla, Central Iraq), ca. 350-ca. 545 / ca. 961-ca. 1150 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Marwānids (Diyār Bakr), 372-478 / 983-1085 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| The ʿUqaylids (Iraq, Jazīra, N Syria), ca. 380-564 / ca. 990-1169 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Numayrids (Ḥarrān, Sarūj, Qalʿat Jaʿbar, Raqqa), 380-ca. 474 / 990-ca. 1081 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Maʾn Amīrs (S Lebanon), 10th c.-1109 / 16th c.-1697 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Shihāb Amīrs (Lebanon), 1109-1257 / 1697-1842 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Arabian Peninsula, 1st c.- / 7th c.- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Carmathian (Qarmaṭī) Rulers (Syria, Iraq, E Arabia), ca. 273-470 / ca. 886-1078 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Zaydī Imāms (Yemen: Ṣaʿda, Ṣanʿāʾ), 284-1382 / 897-1962 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ziyādids (Yemen: Zabīd), 203-409 / 818-1018 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Yuʿfirids (Yemen: Ṣanʿāʾ, Janad), 232-387 / 847-997 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Najāhids (Yemen: Zabīd), 412-553 / 1022-1158 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṣulayhids (Yemen: Ṣanʿāʾ, Dhū Jibla), 439-532 / 1047-1138 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Zurayʿids or Banū ʾl-Karam (S Yemen: Aden), 473-571 / 1080-1175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Hamdānids (N Yemen: Ṣanʿāʾ), 492-570 / 1099-1174 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mahdids (Yemen: Zabīd), 554-569 / 1159-1173 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Rasūlids (S Yemen, Tihāma: Taʿizz), 626-858 / 1228-1454 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṭāhirds (S Yemen, Tihāma: al-Miqrāna, Juban), 858-923 / 1454-1517 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Āl al-Julanda (Oman), 1st c.-2nd c. / 7th c.-8th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mukramids (Coastal Oman), ca. 390-443 / ca. 1000-1040 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Yaʿrubids (Oman: Rustāq), 1034-1156 / 1625-1743 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Āl Bū Saʿīd (Oman: Muscat; Zanzibar), ca. 1167- / ca. 1754- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Āl Saʿūd (Najd, Ḥijāz, modern Saudi Arabia), 1148- / 1735- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Hāshimite Sharīfs (Mecca, Ḥijāz, Fertile Crescent), 1253-1344 / 1827-1925 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Āl Rashīd (N Najd), 1252-1340 / 1836-1921 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| West Africa, ca. 3rd c.- / ca. 9th c.- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Keita Kings (Mali, N Guinea, Gambia, Senegal), early 7th c.-mid 9th c. / early 13th c.-mid 15th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Kings of Songhay (Mali: Savannah Zone), ca. 3rd c.-1000 / ca. 9th c.-1592 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Rulers of Kanem & Bornu (E-Central Sudan), ca. 3rd c- / ca. 9th c.- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Fulānī Rulers in Hausaland, Sokoto (N Nigeria, Niger Valley), 1218- / 1804- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| East Africa & Horn of Africa, 301-1383 / 901-1964 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Kilwa (Tanzanian coastland), ca. 4th c.-ca. 957 / ca. 10th c.-ca. 1550 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Nabhānī Rulers of Pate (Island of Pate, modern Kenyan coastland), 600-1312 / 1203-1894 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mazrūʿī Liwalis of Mombasa (Mobasa, Pemba Island), ca. 1109-1253 / ca. 1698-1837 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Āl Bū Saʿīd (Zanzibar & E Africa coastland), 1256-1383 / 1840-1964 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Harar (SE Ethiopia), 912-1304 / 1506-1887 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Western Persia, Central Asia & the Fertile Crescent, ca. 19-early 11th c. / ca. 640-early 17th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sharwan Shāhs (E Transcaucasia: Yazīdiyya), 183-early 11th c. / 799-early 17th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Hāshimids (Bāb Abwāb/Darband and its hinterland), 255-468 / 869-1075 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Justānids (Daylam: Rūdbār-Shāh Rūd valleys), late 2nd c.-5th c. / late 8th c.-11th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sājids (Azerbaijan), 276-312 / 889-929 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Musāfirids or Sallārids (Daylam: Ṭārum and Samīran; Azerbaijan; Arrān), before 304-ca. 483 / before 916-ca. 1090 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Rawwādids (Azerbaijan: Tabrīz), early 4th c.-463 / early 10th c.-1071 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Shāddādids (Arrān, E. Armenia), ca. 340-570 / ca. 951-1174 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Dulafids (Central Jibāl: Karaj), early 3rd c.-284 / early 9th c.-897 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Būyids or Buwayhids (N, W, S Persia; Iraq), 320-454 / 932-1062 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ḥasanūyids or Ḥasanawayhid (S Kurdistan), ca. 350-406 / ca. 961-1015 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| ʿAnnāzids (S Kurdistan, Luristān), 381-late 6th c. / 991-late 12th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Kākūyids or Kākawayhids (Jibāl & Kurdistan), ca. 398-443 / ca. 1008-51; feudatories of Seljuqs until mid 6th/mid 12th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Dābūyid Ispahbadhs (Gīlān; Rūyān, Ṭabaristān coastlands: Sārī), ca. 19-144 / ca. 640-761 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Bāwandid Ispahbadhs (Ṭabaristan, Gīlān highlands), 45-750 / 665-1349 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ziyārids (Ṭabaristan, Gurgān), 319-ca. 483 / 931-ca. 1090 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Seljuqs (Persia, Iraq, Syria), 431-590 / 1040-1194 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Börids or Būrids (Damascus, S Syria), 497-549 / 1104-1154 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Zangids (Jazīra & Syria), 521-649 / 1127-1251 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Begtiginids (NE Iraq, Kurdistan: Irbīl; N Syria: Ḥarrān), before 529-630 / before 1145-1233 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Luʾluʾids (Mosul & Jazīra), 631-660 / 1234-1262 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Artuqids (Diyār Bakr), ca. 494-812 / ca. 1101-1409 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Shāh-i Armanids (E Anatolia: Akhlāṭ), 493-604 / 1100-1207 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Aḥmadīlīs (Azerbaijan: Marāgha, Rūʾīn Diz), ca. 516-after 617 / ca. 1122-after 1220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Eldigüzids or Ildegizids (Azerbaijan, Arrān, N Jibāl), ca. 540-622 / ca. 1145-1225 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Bādūspānis (Caspian coastlands: Rūyan, Rustamdār), ca. 493-10th c. / ca. 1100-16th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs in Persia (Persian mountainous regions Alamūt), 483-654 / 1090-1256 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Hazāraspids (Luristān), 543-847 / 1148-1424 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Salghurids (Fars), 543-681 / 1148-1252 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Atabegs (Yazd), ca. 536-696 / ca. 1141-1297 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qutlughkhānids (Kirmān), 619-706 / 1222-1307 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Maliks of Nīmrūz (Sīstān), 421-ca. 949 / 1030-ca. 1542 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Eastern Persia, Central Asia & the Fertile Crescent, 204-609 / 819-1212 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṭāhirids & Muṣʿabids (Khurāsān, Iraq: Baghdad), 205-278 / 821-891 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sāmānids (Transoxania, Khurāsān), 204-395 / 819-1005 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṣaffārids (Sīstān, Persia, E Afghanistan), 247-393 / 861-1003 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Bānījūrids or Abū Dāwūddids (Balkh, Ṭukhāristān), ca. 233-ca. 295 / ca. 848-ca. 908 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sīmjūrids (Khurāsān, Quhistān), 300-392 / 913-1002 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ilyāsids (Kirman), 320-357 / 932-968 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Muḥtājids (Khurāsān, Chaghāniyān), 321-343 / 933-954 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Khwārazm Shāhs (Khwārazm), pre-Islamic times-7th c. / 13th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qarakhānids (Transoxania, Farghāna, Semirechye, E Turkestan), 382-609 / 992-1212 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Persia: After the Mongols, 643-1398 / 1245-1979 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Karts or Kurts (E Khurāsān, N Afghanistan), 643-791 / 1245-1389 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Muẓaffarids (S, W Persia), 713-795 / 1314-1393 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Injuʾids (Fars), ca. 725-754 / ca. 1325-1353 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Jalāyrids (Iraq, Kurdistan, Azerbaijan), 740-835 / 1340-1432 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sarbadārids (W Khurāsān), 737-788 / 1337-1386 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Tīmūrids (Transoxania, Persia), 771-913 / 1370-1507 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qara Qoyunlu (E Anatolia, Azerbaijan, Iraq, W Persia), 752-874 / 1351-1469 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Aq Qoyunlu (Diyār Bakr, E Anatolia, Azerbaijan, W. Persia, Fars, Kirman), 798-914 / 1396-1508 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mushaʾshaʾids (SW Persia: ʿArabistān), 839-1342 / 1435-1924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṣafavids (Persia), 907-1135 / 1501-1722 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Afshārids (Persia), 1148-1210 / 1736-1794 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Zands (Persia, except Khurāsān), 1164-1209 / 1751-1794 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qājārs (Persia), 1193-1344 / 1779-1925 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Pahlavīs (Persia), 1344-1398 / 1925-1979 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Anatolia, 473-1342 / 707-1924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Seljuqs of Rūm (W-Central Anatolia: Konya; most of Anatolia), 473-707 / 1081-1307 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Dānishmendids (N-Central Anatolia; E Anatolia), before 490-573 / before 1097-1178 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mengüjekids (N Anatolia: Erzincan, Divriği, Kemakh), before 512-mid 7th c. / before 1118-mid 13th c. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Saltuqis (E Anatollia: Erzurum), late 5th c.-598 / late 11th c.-1201 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qarasī or Karasī Oghullarï (SW Anatolia), ca. 696-ca. 761 / ca. 1297-ca. 1360 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṣarukhān Oghullarï (W Anatolia), ca. 713-813 / ca. 1313-1410 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Aydïn Oghullari (W Anatolia), 708-829 / 1308-1426 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Menteshe Oghullarï (SW Anatolia), late 7th c.-847 / late 13th c.-1424 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Inanj Oghullarï (SW Anatolia: Deñizli), 659-769 / 1261-1369 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Germiyān Oghullari (W Anatolia), by 699-832 / by 1299-1428 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ṣāḥib Atā Oghullarï (W-Central Anatolia), ca. 670-ca. 742 / ca. 1271-ca. 1341 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ḥamīd Oghullarï & Tekke Oghullarï (W-Central Anatolia, SW coastland), ca. 700-826 / ca. 1301-1423 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Beys of Alanya (S Anatolia coastland), 629-876 / 1293-1471 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ashraf or Eshref Oghullari (S-Central Anatolia), ?-726 / ?-1326 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Jāndār Oghullarï or Isfandiyār Oghullarï (Black Sea coastland), 691-866 / 1292-1462 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Parwāna Oghullarï (Black Sea coast: Sinop), 676-722 / 1277-1322 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Chobān Oghullarï (Kastamonu/Qasṭamūnī), ca. 624-ca. 708 / ca. 1227-ca. 1309 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qaramān Oghullarï (S-Central Anatolia, Mediterranean coastland), ca. 654-880 / ca. 1256-1475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Eretna Oghullarï (NE Anatolia), 736-782 / 1336-1380 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qāḍī Burhān al-Dīn Oghullarï (NE Anatolia), 783-800 / 1381-1398 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Tāj al-Dīn Oghullarï (Black Sea Coast hinterland: Canik/Jānīk), ca. 749-831 / ca. 1348-1428 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ramaḍan Oghullarï (Cilicia, Little Armenia), ca. 780-1017 / ca. 1378-1608 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Dulghadïr Oghullarï or Dhū ʾl-Qadrids (SE Anatolia), 738-928 / 1337-1521 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ottomans (NW Anatolia, Balkans, MENA, Eritrea), late 7th c.-1342 / late 13th c.-1924 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Central Asia, Far East & Eastern Europe, 602-1208 / 1206-1792 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mongols & the later Yüan Dynasty of China (Mongolia, China), 602-1043 / 1206-1634 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Chaghatayids (Transoxania; Mogholistan: Semirechye, E Turkestan), 624-764 / 1227-1363 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Il Khānids (Persia, Iraq, E & Central Anatolia), 654-754 / 1256-1353 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Khāns of the Golden Horde (W Siberia, Khwārazm, S Russia), 624-907 / 1227-1502 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Giray Khāns (Crimea, S Ukraine), 853-1208 / 1449-1792 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Khāns of Astrakhān (Lower Volga & adjacent steppelands), 871-964 / 1466-1557 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Khāns of Qāzān (Middle Volga), 840-959 / 1437-1552 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Khāns of Qāsimov (Ryazan to SE of Moscow), ca. 856-1092 / ca. 1452-1681 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Central Asia & Afghanistan: After the Mongols, 906-1339 / 1500-1920 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Shïbānids (or Shaybānids) or Abū ʾl-Khayrids (Transoxania, N Afghanistan), 906-1007 / 1500-1599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Toqay Temürids or Jānids or Ashtarkhānids (Transoxania, N Afghanistan), 1007-1160 / 1599-1747 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mangïts (Khanate of Bukhārā), 1166-1339 / 1753-1920 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Qungrats or Ïnaqids (Khanate of Khīva), 1184-1338 / 1770-1920 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mings (Khanate of Khoqand), 1213-1293 / 1798-1876 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Indian Subcontinent & Afghanistan, 366-1393 / 977-1973 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ghaznavids (Afghanistan, Khurāsān, Baluchistan, NW India), 366-582 / 977-1186 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Ghūrids (Ghūr, Khurāsān, NW India), early 5th c.-612 / early 11th c.-1215 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Delhi Sultans (N India, N Deccan), 602-962 / 1206-1555 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Bengal (Bengal, Bihār), 594-984 / 1198-1576 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Kashmir (Kashmir), 739-996 / 1339-1588 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Gujarāt (W India), 806-980 / 1403-1573 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sharqī Sultans of Jawnpur (E-Central, N India), 796-888 / 1394-1483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans & Rulers of Mālwa (Central India), 804-969 / 1402-1562 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Maʿbar or Madura (S Deccan), 734-779 / 1334-1377 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Bahmanids (N Deccan), 748-934 / 1347-1528 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Fārūqī Rulers of Khāndesh (NW Deccan), ca. 784-1009 / ca. 1382-1601 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Barīd Shāhīs (Bīdar), ca. 892-1028 / ca. 1487-1619 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| ʿĀdil Shāhīs (Bījapur), 895-1097 / 1490-1686 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Niẓām Shāhīs (Aḥmadnagar), 895-1046 / 1490-1636 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| ʿImād Shāhīs (Berār), 896-982 / 1491-1574 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Quṭb Shāhīs (Golconda-Muḥammadnagar), 901-1098 / 1496-1687 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Arghūns (Multan & Sind), 926-999 / 1520-1591 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Mughal Emperors (India), 932-1274 / 1526-1858 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Nawwāb-Viziers & Nawwāb-Nāẓims (Bengal), 1116-1274 / 1704-1858 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Nawwāb-Viziers & Kings of Qudh (Awadh) (N India), 1134-1272 / 1722-1856 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Niẓāms of Hyderabad (S India), 1137-1367 / 1724-1948 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Muslim Rulers in Mysore (S India), 1173-1213 / 1760-1799 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Abdālī or Durrānī Rulers & Kings (Afghanistan), 1160-1393 / 1747-1973 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| SE Asia & Indonesia, 7th c.- / 13th c.- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Rulers of Malacca (SW Coast of Malay peninsula), ca. 805-1110 / ca. 1403-1699 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Aceh (N Sumatra), ca. 901-1321 / ca. 1496-1903 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Rulers of Mataram (Central Java), ca. 983-1168 / ca. 1575-1755 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Susuhanans of Surakarta (Central Java), 1168-1368 / 1755-1949 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Jogjakarta (S-Central Java), 1168-1368 / 1755-1949 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|---|
| Sultans of Brunei (N Borneo), 7th c.- / 13th c.- | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
|---|
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